Reliability — Cheat Sheet

Failure rate, MTBF, series/parallel, availability, Weibull and FIT.

Basics (constant λ)

ReliabilityR(t) = e^(−λt) = e^(−t/MTBF)
Failure rateλ = 1 / MTBF
UnreliabilityF(t) = 1 − R(t)
FITfailures per 10⁹ hours

Systems

SeriesR = ΠRᵢ, λ = Σλᵢ
Parallel (n)R = 1 − Π(1 − Rᵢ)
k-out-of-nbinomial sum of R

Availability

Steady-stateA = MTBF / (MTBF + MTTR)
MTTFmean time to failure (non-repairable)
MTBFMTTF + MTTR (repairable)

Weibull

ReliabilityR(t) = e^(−(t/η)^β)
Shape β<1 infant, =1 random, >1 wear-out
Char. life ηR(η) = 0.368
B10 lifet at R = 0.90

Formula reference — verify against the governing standard. Not a substitute for engineering judgment.